Light colored mixture of vegetable phosphatides and fatty oil



Patented Jan. 24, 1933 UNIT-ED STA ,nnnno nnwam), or mnunacnnmnv nrenrconoann MIXTURE or vnen'rimrn rnosrim'rmns AND ram 011;

1 Ho Drawing. Application filed May 6,1931, Serial 'No. 535,553, andin'Germany October 21, 1828.

My invention relates to light colored mixtures of vegetable phosphatidesand fatty oils and to methods of making the'same.

- In the recovery. of the vegetable phospha tides (including lecithin)which are contained in soya beans these phos'phatides are dissolvedtogether with the oil '(in an oil solvent) during the extraction and areafterwards separated therefrom, for example by passing exhaust. steaminto thepil after the solvent used for extraction has been evaporated.This yields a vegetable lecithin which after centrifuging out the main'quantity'of oil, still contains 40% oil, which cannot be separated bymechanical means from the.

phosphatides. For many purposes, especially those in which the vegetablelecithin is used together with oils or fats, e. g. in the manufacture ofsome grades of margarine, chocolate,

confectionery, and in the textile industry,-

etc., the oil content is not a disturbing factor and in fact is evendesirable because the phosphatides-thereby acquire or retain a morepliable consistency and become much 'more;

stable, that is, they do not decompose so rapidly when heated. The darkcolor of the crude soya oil contained in the phosphatide's (in somecases) is disadvantageous, because it may color the product treatedtherewith.

In order to improve this color, it has already been proposed that themixture consist;

ing of oil and lecithin should be repeatedly.

- washed out with refined oil of the same oil-.

bearing fruit, that is for-example, soya bean oil, so that the dark oiloriginally present is replaced by purified clear oil. H

This is rather an awkwardand costly proc:' ess. Furthermore it is notalways expedient to add soya bean oil to the soya lecithin,

in-place of the original soya oil, as this soyal bean oil even whenrefined still has a certain natural color of its own and for manypuroses has deleterious properties, because it' longs to thesemi-dry oils.Therefore its complete-removal wouldfrequently be desirable. It' is muchmore advantageous to use] nature for this purpose an oil/which by whiteor almost colorless. In accordance with the present invention havesucceeded in obtaining light-color of another oil is not desired. Thenafter mixing with the oil) the resi'dueoi the 9 solvent still present inthe mixture of vege-, \table phosphatides and oil, that is theresidsubject to oxidation or, ra idifi ti than the originalfoil). w

In order. toicarry out my invention, the lecithin obtained in well knownmanner by extraction from thesoya beans -'is first re moved mechanicallyfrom the main' quantity of the entrained oil bycentrifuging. The

Water contained in the residue, which consistsof vegetable lecithin with30 to 40% of oil is expelled by distillation under vacuum. Afterthis-preliminary treatment, the mix-' ture is dissolved-in a solventlIl'WhlCll fats and oils are soluble, but ilecithih not soluble at Troom temperature, e. g. acetone or acetic es- .ters (ethylacetate orethyl acetate); Preferablythe operationis carried out under heat,

whereupon the solution is allowed to cool and the vegetable lecithinseparates out quite well. "As far aspossible the sediment (i.- e. i

the lecithin) is separated from, the liquid and f mixed with asllitablerefined fluid orsolid oil or fat orpure refined hydro'enated .oil,

e: g, refined peanuto'il, coconut oil, palm oil,

cocoa butter, sesame (gingili) oil, hydroso genated peanut, hydrogenatedsesame oil, etc. Moreover refined soya bean oil,.also hydrogenated,maybe used if the application (i.- e.

ual acetone or acetic ester, are ex lled by heating under vacuum; Thechie th-in'g is that the 'oil is first added before the acetic ester oracetone is completely-removed, because the vegetable lecithin freed fromoil otherwise does not-uniformly mix after being subjected todistillation.

The process may for -example carried;

out as follows;

a The lecithin or the phosphatides (contain ing soya bean oil, say 30 to40%) are treated with a five fold quantity-ofacetone or. aceticthe-temperatures used during ester at ordinary temperature. Then themass "is cooled down to about 5 deg. (3., whereupon the lecithin easilysettles. The sediment consisting of vegetable lecithin is -separatedfrom the liquid and uniformly mixed with 30% refined peanut oil orcoconut oil or cocoa butter or the like, and thereafter the acetone oracetic ester still in the mixture,'is expelled by distilling underreduced air pressure. It is not desired to limit the amount of such oilto 30%. In this case it will be seen that the amount of suchoil is lessthan the amount of suchlecithin, and obviously for formin "a concentrateI- use such proportions as to orm a mixture in which the amount oflecithin in the mixture is many times more than the amount which wouldordinarily be used in final products (e. g. foods, etc.) in which it iscustomary to use 2 lecithin amounting to only a very' minor percentage,(often a fraction of one per cent) of the entire mixture. For example itis common in margarine, to use a few tenths of a er cent of addedlecithin. I c aim:

1 1. Method of makin light colored mixtures of vegetable phosp atidesand fatty oil, comprising mechanically freeing soya lecithin from themain quantity of the original oil contained therein, treating the soyalecithin with a solvent which will dissolve the oil still present but inthe cold does not dissolve the lecithin, separating the lecithin, mixingit with refinedoil and thereafter removing the rest of the solventpresent in the mixture by distilling under vacuum.

2. Method of making light colored mixtures of vegetable phosphatides andfatty oil, comprising mechanically freeing soya lecithin from the mainquantity of the oil con tained therein, treatin the soya. lecithin withacetone, separating the lecithin, mixing it with a refined oil andthereafter removing the rest of the solvent present in the mixture bydistilling under-vacuum.

3. Method of producing light colored mixtures of vegetable phosphatidesand fatty oil, comprising mechanically freeing soya lecithin from themain quantity of the oil contained therein, treating the soya lecithinwith acetic ester, separating the lecithin thereafter mixing it witharefined edible attyoil" and thereafter removing the rest of the so ventpresent in the'mixture by undervacuum. In testimony whereof I aflix msignature. BRUNO'R WALD.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,895,424. January 24, 1955 BRUNO REWALD.

It is hereby certified that I error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1,line '71,

for the word "ethyl" first occurrence, read methyl; and that the saidLetters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the samemay conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of May, A; D. 1936.

Leslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

